Anonymous Communication On The Internet - 1728 Words

Now that the background of anonymity and pseudonymity has been discussed, the positive aspects of both can be evaluated. â€Å"Nearly 83 percent strongly or somewhat strongly agreed with the statement that anonymity ‘promotes a livelier, more passionate discussion’ and slightly more than 94 percent said anonymity allowed participants ‘to express ideas they might be afraid to express otherwise’† (Rosenberry 13). These statistics are enforced by the observation that, â€Å"†¦anonymous communication also creates positive dynamics on the Internet. Feeling protected and secure, some people are more likely to share important but sensitive information online† (Johnson 12). The everyday users admire anonymity on the internet because they feel it can be used to protect their own professional identities and others around them. â€Å"Communicative anonymity encourages people to post requests for information to public bulletin boards about matters t hey might find too personal to discuss is there were any chance that the message might be traced back to its origin† (Froomkin 115). In this case the individual may not realize that the message could be traced back to them if a criminal issue were to arise. However, it is not a criminal act to request for information online. There are users of the internet who would like to voice their opinion of the government or their workplaces, but they are too afraid to say in person or with their own name because they fear the repercussions. There are also individualsShow MoreRelated Sensible Anonymity on the Internet Essay1558 Words   |  7 PagesSensible Anonymity on the Internet Abstract: This paper is an analysis of the anonymity of Internet users. Specifically, what are the benefits and disadvantages created by anonymity on the Internet, and how can the disadvantages be lessened without adversely affecting the benefits? The rapid growth of the Internet’s popularity is staggering. In 1990 few people outside the research community knew of it, and today it is estimated that there are more than 300 million Internet users worldwide (1)Read MoreHiding One s Identity Is Nothing New1602 Words   |  7 PagesWith the advent of computers and ease of access to the internet, becoming anonymous as never been easier, and is far more reaching than the colonial newspapers of 1787. For some this ease at which we can communicate anonymous is cause for concern. Although we are no longer hiding our identities to promote the ratification of the Constitution, being anonymous still plays a large role in our society. Online anonymity grants anyone with an internet connection an unbiased voice, regardless of gender, raceRead MoreReactions to the Boston Marathon Bombing Essay1184 Words   |  5 Pagesbombing occurred on the internet. Social media was especially rife with speculation over who the bombers were and wh y they committed those acts. One of the greater spectres that has loomed over the social media landscape in the past few years is the group called â€Å"Anonymous.† While the social media reaction to the Boston bombings might be unrelated to â€Å"Anonymous,† and instead constitute a spontaneous reaction to the event, it might still be useful to look at this group of internet users as a model forRead MoreThis Internet Hate Machine Kills Fascists: Anonymous in Context921 Words   |  4 Pagespaper â€Å"Anonymous in Context: The Power and Politics Behind the Mask†, she identifies the group Anonymous to work within these paradigms while acting entirely outside customary limits on candour. Through their absolute commitment to freedom in the face of tyranny—and lulz in response to dictators and oligarchs—Anonymous is a definite force of good against evil, and their intentions a net positive to the world. Dr. Coleman explains that in comparison to other major civil rights movements, Anonymous isRead MoreInternet Trolls: The Few ‘Bad Eggs’ 737 Words   |  3 Pageson doing damage. Modern trolls are such creatures. They prowl the Internet, looking for the vulnerable. Trolls are bullies. They spark anger and hostility through degrading or rude comments and posts on news feeds. They typically remain unnamed, hiding behind anonymous usernames or handles to spout their damaging words. Internet trolls can be found on a variety of websites. There are many heated topics up for debate on the Internet: gun control, foreign policies, abortion, religious beliefs, politicalRead MorePiracy- A Major Concern1083 Words   |  4 Pagessecret for different reasons. It varies according to audience. For eg. Corporate world would like to remain anonymous for business interests. The efficiency of internet motivates the companies to use internet over intranet. But along with that the question of anonymity also arise. After in dept analysis of â€Å"Proxies for anonymous routing† and â€Å"A protocol for anonymous communication over the Internet† papers,different solutions that address the issue of anonymity are discussed in the report. After goingRead MoreEffects Of The Hidden Internet On The Digital Age1681 Words   |  7 PagesThe Dark Web: The Effects of the Hidden Internet on the Digital Age In the late 1990’s, the internet became a staple of society, a new â€Å"fad† that became integrated into modern culture. As more and more information was uploaded to this repository, data hubs formed, often around illegal materials such as copies of music and movie files. In 2001, a man named Ian Clarke revolutionized the internet by introducing â€Å"Freenet,† a service that allowed for anonymous access to the darkest reaches of the webRead MoreThe Issue Of Cyber Crime1118 Words   |  5 Pageslikely to remain anonymous after committing a criminal act when they engage in cyber crime. As a result, organized crime has been able to evolve due to the rapid emergence of technology, presenting the greatest threat to the transnational community known to date. ‘Hacktivism,’ which is the act of breaking into computer systems for politically and/or socially motivated purposes, is challenging the fine line between basic rights and criminality. The majority of criminals on the Internet have portrayedRead MoreIncrease of Internet Piracy and Hacking Essay example1017 Words   |  5 Pagesillegally (â€Å"Legal Downloads Swamped†). The population of Atlanta’s area is almost 5.5 million in 2009(â€Å"About Atlanta†). Based on the statistics given, it is calculated that 5,225,000 music files for a particular song would have been downloaded from the internet in this city alone, and each file for a song costs almost a dollar. That is more than five million dollars lost for a single song in Atlanta. The example only shows only a small fraction of the bigger problems faced throughout the world. The increasesRead MoreInfluence Of Self Presentation On The Perception Of The Personality Of A Person1178 Words   |  5 PagesThus, in a way, human communication is a result of the relationship between the self and the world. The internet has provided us with an opportunity of boundless impression management. On the internet the impression management is unbounded by the actual physical and real life identity of a person, as people can effortlessly change their gender, appearance or social background. The internet has resulted in the formation of a new kind of social identity, namely an â€Å"internet persona† or an â€Å"online

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, Father of Microbiology

Anton van Leeuwenhoek (October 24, 1632–August 30, 1723) invented the first practical microscopes and used them to become the first person to see and describe bacteria, among other microscopic discoveries.  Indeed, van Leeuwenhoeks work effectively refuted the doctrine of spontaneous generation, the theory that living organisms could spontaneously emerge from nonliving matter. His studies also led to the development of the sciences of bacteriology and protozoology. Fast Facts: Anton van Leeuwenhoek Known For:  Improvements to the microscope, discovery of bacteria, discovery of sperm, descriptions of all manner of microscopic cell structures (plant and animal), yeasts, molds, and moreAlso Known As: Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek, Antony Van LeeuwenhoekBorn:  Oct. 24, 1632 in Delft, HollandDied:  Aug. 30, 1723 in in Delft, HollandEducation:  Only basic educationPublished Works:  Arcana naturÅ“ detecta, 1695, a collection of his letters sent to the Royal Society of London, translated into Latin for the scientific communityAwards:  Member of the Royal Society of LondonSpouse(s): Barbara de Mey (m.1654–1666),  Cornelia Swalmius (m. 1671–1694)Children: MariaNotable Quote:  My work...was not pursued in order to gain the praise I now enjoy, but chiefly from a craving after knowledge. Early Life   Leeuwenhoek was born in Holland on October 24, 1632, and as a teenager he became an apprentice at a linen drapers shop. Although it doesnt seem a likely start to a life of science, from here Leeuwenhoek was set on a path to inventing his microscope. At the shop,  magnifying glasses were used to count the threads and inspect the quality of cloth. He was inspired and taught himself new methods for grinding and polishing tiny lenses of great curvature, which gave magnifications up to 275x (275 times the subjects original size), the finest known at that time. Contemporaneous Microscopes People had been using magnifying lenses since the 12th century and convex and concave lenses for vision correction since the 1200s and 1300s. In 1590, Dutch lens grinders Hans and Zacharias Janssen constructed a microscope with two lenses in a tube; though it may not have been the first microscope, it was a very early model. Also credited with the invention of the microscope about the same time was Hans Lippershey, the inventor of the telescope. Their work led to others research and development on telescopes and the modern compound microscope, such as Galileo Galilei, Italian astronomer, physicist, and engineer whose invention was the first given the name microscope. The compound microscopes of Leeuwenhoeks time had issues with blurry figures and distortions and could magnify only up to 30 or 40 times. Leeuwenhoek Microscope Leeuwenhoeks work on his tiny lenses led to the building of his microscopes, considered the first practical ones. They bore little resemblance to todays microscopes, however; they were more like very high-powered magnifying glasses and used only one lens instead of two. Other scientists didnt adopt Leeuwenhoeks versions of microscopes because of the difficulty in learning to use them.  They were small (about 2 inches long) and were used by holding ones eye close to the tiny lens and looking at a sample suspended on a pin. Leeuwenhoek Discoveries With these microscopes, though, he made the microbiological discoveries for which he is famous. Leeuwenhoek was the first to see and describe bacteria (1674), yeast plants, the teeming life in a drop of water (such as algae), and the circulation of blood corpuscles in capillaries. The word bacteria didnt exist yet, so he called these microscopic living organisms animalcules. During his long life, he used his lenses to make pioneer studies on an extraordinary variety of things—living and nonliving—and reported his findings in more than 100 letters to the Royal Society of England and the French Academy. Leeuwenhoeks first report to the Royal Society in 1673 described bee mouthparts, a louse, and a fungus. He studied the structure of plant cells and crystals, and the structure of human cells such as blood, muscle, skin, teeth, and hair. He even scraped the plaque from between his teeth to observe the bacteria there, which, Leeuwenhoek discovered, died after drinking coffee. He was the first to describe sperm and postulated that conception occurred when a sperm joined with an ovum, though his thought was that the ovum just served to feed the sperm. At the time, there were various theories of how babies formed, so Leeuwenhoeks studies of sperm and ovum of various species caused an uproar in the scientific community. It would be around 200 years before scientists would agree on the process. Leeuwenhoeks View on His Work Like his contemporary  Robert Hooke, Leeuwenhoek made some of the most important discoveries of early microscopy. In one letter from 1716, he wrote, My work, which Ive done for a long time, was not pursued in order to gain the praise I now enjoy, but chiefly from a craving after knowledge, which I notice resides in me more than in most other men. And therewithal, whenever I found out anything remarkable, I have thought it my duty to put down my discovery on paper, so that all ingenious people might be informed thereof. He did not editorialize on meanings of his observations and acknowledged he was not a scientist but merely an observer. Leeuwenhoek was not an artist either, but he worked with one on the drawings he submitted in his letters. Death Van Leeuwenhoek also contributed to science in one other way. In the final year of his life, he described the disease that took his life. Van Leeuwenhoek suffered from uncontrollable contractions of the diaphram, a condition now known as Van Leeuwenhoek disease. He died of the disease, also called diaphragmatic flutter, on August 30, 1723, in Delft. He is buried at the Oude Kerk (Old Church) in Delft. Legacy Some of Leeuwenhoeks discoveries could be verified at the time by other scientists, but some discoveries could not because his lenses were so superior to others microscopes and equipment. Some people had to come to him to see his work in person. Just 11 of Leeuwenhoeks 500 microscopes exist today. His instruments were made of gold and silver, and most were sold by his family after he died in 1723. Other scientists did not use his microscopes, as they were difficult to learn to use. Some improvements to the device occurred in the 1730s, but big improvements that led to todays compound microscopes didnt happen until the middle of the 19th century. Sources â€Å"Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek.†Ã‚  Famous Biologists Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek Comments, famousbiologists.org.Cobb, M. An Amazing 10 Years: The Discovery of Egg and Sperm in the 17th Century. Reproduction in Domestic Animals 47 (Suppl. 4; 2012), 2–6, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.Lane, Nick. The Unseen World: Reflections on Leeuwenhoek (1677) ‘Concerning Little Animals.’  Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B, Biological Sciences 370 (1666) (April 19, 2015): 20140344.Samardhi, Himabindu Radford, Dorothy M. Fong, Kwun. (2010). Leeuwenhoeks disease: Diaphragmatic flutter in a cardiac patient. Cardiology in the Young. Cardiology in the Young. 20. 334 - 336.Van Leeuwenhoek, Anton. Letter of June 12, 1716, to the Royal Society, quoted by the University of California Museum of Paleontology, Berkeley.Vision Engineering. Later Developments.

Culture Is How People Live - 1264 Words

Culture is how people live. Society is everything made, learned, or shared by the individuals from a general public, including makings, opinions, practices, and material articles. People’s lifestyle vary from society to society. Culture is the way individuals in certain in a place do things regularly. Individuals have different personalities based on their upbringing. Most times, we can tell someone’s nationality by the way they dress. For instance, a typical American would have on a shirt, jean pant and a pair of sneakers. Subcultures are smaller cultural groups found in a larger culture. They are distinct from the larger culture in which they are found. For instance, in the U.S., there are subcultures such as the northeast, and the†¦show more content†¦Most people from the North dress more casual and other times formal than people from the South. Southerners tend to dress more relaxed than people from the North. People in the North also have a different way of speaking than people in the North, such as Northern people saying â€Å"Hey, you guys† versus Southern people saying â€Å"Hey y’all.† Northern people also have different ways of getting to their destinations quickly like taking a train, bus, cab, or walking, whereas most Southern people use a car to get to wherever they want to go as a result of transportation scarcity. Every college institution is referred to as a Subculture. They are referred to as a subculture because each college institution has different administrative systems by which they operate. Allen University runs their institution different from Benedict College. At Allen, we do not have classes on Friday but Benedict College, usually have classes on Friday. At Allen University, we make our own schedule against the following semester. However, in Benedict College, their academic advisor make the schedule for their assigned students. Also, at Allen University, we have the option of picking as many classes as we want and we are required to take the minimum of Seven (7) or more classes per semester. Allen University has several subcultures on campus. The Greek industries are considered subcultures. A subculture is a group that

The Effects of the Atomic Bomb Essay Example For Students

The Effects of the Atomic Bomb Essay The Atomic Bomb: Effects on Hiroshima and Mankind The nuclear bomb was the most devastating weapon ever created by man. It was developed between 1942 and 1945 during the second World War. The project to build the worlds first atomic weapon was called The Manhattan Project. The nuclear bomb was based on the idea of splitting an atom to create energy, this is called fission. Three bombs were created, Trinity, Little Boy, and Fat Man. Trinity was dropped on a test site in New Mexico on July 16, 1945, proving the theories, engineering and mathematics of the bomb to be correct. Shortly after that, not more than 2 months, the U.S. performed the first actual nuclear attack in the history of war. The bomb Little Boy was dropped on the town of Hiroshima, instantly killing thousands. Fat Man was dropped shortly after on the town of Nagasaki. After the bombing almost all scientist involved with the creation of the bomb regretted its construction and spoke out against the abolishment of nuclear weapons. The Manhattan Project was led by American physicists J. Robert Oppenheimer and directed by General Leslie Graves. The project employed over 130,000 people and the total cost by the end of production was nearly 2 billion dollars, 20 billion dollars in todays currency. Oppenheimers early education was at the Ethnical Culture School in New York. He took classes in math and science and many languages such as Greek, Latin, French, and German. He learned Dutch in only six weeks to give a speech in the Netherlands. He was also interested in classic and eastern philosophy. In 1939 rumor came to the U.S. that Germans had split the atom. The threat of the Nazis developing a nuclear weapon prompted President Roosevelt to establish The Manhattan Project. Oppenheimer set up a research lab in Los Alamos, New Mexico and brought the best minds in physics to work on the problem of creating a nuclear weapon. Although most the research and development was done in Los Alamos, there were over 30 other research locations throughout the project. After watching the first nuclear bomb test Oppenheimer was quoted as saying simply It works.. Now that the atomic bomb was proven to work the next question was where to drop it. Specialists in many fields were called on by the U. S. Army to help them decide on the best target for the atomic bomb. They considered many things while selecting the target such as the range the aircraft had to carry the bomb, the morale effect on the enemy, military importance of the target, and the geography of the target. The Army also wanted to be able to see the bombing take place (visual bombing) so the weather conditions had to be almost perfect, they wanted to witness the effects of the weapon. They also looked for closely built wooden frame structures that were easily susceptible to fire since the blast was expected to be the leading cause of damage while fire was to be second. The scientists in the Manhattan Project expected the blast radius to be around 1 mile therefore the target should have a densely built up area of that size. Also considered was the damage done by previous bombings, the target should have minimal damage by previous bombings so the effects of the bomb could be more accurately measured. After long analysis the Army chose Hiroshima and Nagasaki as the best possible targets. The city of Hiroshima is almost entirely flat, just above sea level and located on the Ota river. This was the perfect target geographically since it is flat and fully exposed to the blast from the bomb. Seventy-five percent of the population were jammed into a densely built area at the center of the city. Hiroshima was a highly important military target. .u9cbccd226efe5912a0f7f14fea640951 , .u9cbccd226efe5912a0f7f14fea640951 .postImageUrl , .u9cbccd226efe5912a0f7f14fea640951 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9cbccd226efe5912a0f7f14fea640951 , .u9cbccd226efe5912a0f7f14fea640951:hover , .u9cbccd226efe5912a0f7f14fea640951:visited , .u9cbccd226efe5912a0f7f14fea640951:active { border:0!important; } .u9cbccd226efe5912a0f7f14fea640951 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9cbccd226efe5912a0f7f14fea640951 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9cbccd226efe5912a0f7f14fea640951:active , .u9cbccd226efe5912a0f7f14fea640951:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9cbccd226efe5912a0f7f14fea640951 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9cbccd226efe5912a0f7f14fea640951 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9cbccd226efe5912a0f7f14fea640951 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9cbccd226efe5912a0f7f14fea640951 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9cbccd226efe5912a0f7f14fea640951:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9cbccd226efe5912a0f7f14fea640951 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9cbccd226efe5912a0f7f14fea640951 .u9cbccd226efe5912a0f7f14fea640951-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9cbccd226efe5912a0f7f14fea640951:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Employment Skills Essay The Japanese 2nd Army was headquartered there, this commanded all Japanese defense in southern Japan. The city was also a communications center, storage point and troop assembly area. Outside the center of town the area was packed with small wooden workshops and wooden houses. Most industrial buildings in the area were also built with wooden frame construction. This made the city as a whole highly .